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The shipping industry needs low-carbon fuels if it is to reach net-zero greenhouse-gas emissions by 2050. But options are limited. Batteries can power ferries and vessels for use in harbours, but are impractical over long distances1. Methanol is hard to produce sustainably2. Ammonia is toxic and its supply chain is polluting3. Hydrogen is too bulky
But Russia’s stepped-up attacks on cargo ships are likely aimed at deterring foreign companies from buying Ukrainian goods and using its Black Sea shipping corridor. On Sunday, Ukraine’s Prime Minister Serhiy Koretskyi said his government and military command were “preparing decisions that will improve navigation safety and help protect civilian ships and seafarers” from Russian
