Expression and purification of SC003-mi3 VLP The mi3-VLP (also known as SC003-mi3) was derived from i3-01 (ref. 66) by introducing two mutations that remove surface-exposed cysteines to prevent aggregation and by genetically fusing a SpyCatcher domain to the N-terminus to enable plug-and-play attachment of SpyTagged proteins54. The plasmid pET28a-SpyCatcher003(SC003)-mi3 (gift from Professor Mark Howarth, Cambridge University)
Sample preparation and 4D-STEM A high-purity (99.999%), undoped, commercially available Si single crystal (Crystal Base Co., Ltd.) was mechanically crushed in a mortar and the resulting fragments dispersed onto a molybdenum TEM grid with a carbon support film and the grid was immediately transferred into the microscope to avoid surface oxidation. To remove hydrocarbon contamination,
