Hello Nature Readers, would you like to receive this report in your inbox for free every day? Register here.

“tyrannosaurus “They were unsafe at any size,” says anatomist Eric Snively, a member of a team that analyzed the teeth and leg bones of young dinosaurs to understand their behavior shortly after hatching. “The babies would rush out of the nest and kill things.” tyrannosaurus rex The fossils reveal that the tiny hatchlings “crashed into the bones of their food, like giant adults,” Snively says.

Discover | 6 minutes of reading

Reference: Biology paper

Researchers have identified 11 locations in the human genome and nine functional genes in or near these areas that appear to be related to borderline personality disorder (BPD), the first evidence of genetic risk factors associated with the condition. The findings come from the largest genome-wide association study of BPD to date, which includes data from more than 12,000 people with the condition. The study is “an extraordinary step forward from what we’ve been doing before, as there has been virtually no large-scale research on this condition,” says psychiatrist Andrew McIntosh.

Nature | 5 minutes of reading

Reference: Nature genetics paper

Last week, Beijing-based Moonshot AI unveiled ‘Kimi K3’, a large language model that the company says can handle large expanses of text and match or outperform US models in tasks such as coding. The open weight model has generated a stir among some researchers using AI models, in part because it is well suited to running AI agents, a capability that made its predecessor Kimi K2.5 so popular in China. But K3 may not be widely available internationally, in part because of Chinese policies that could limit the use of its domestic AI models abroad.

Nature | 6 minutes of reading

Features and opinion

An influx of studies is shedding new light on cachexia, a syndrome that causes muscle atrophy and reduced appetite and affects up to 80% of people with cancer. Research has repositioned the condition as a syndrome of uncontrolled metabolism throughout the body, with psychological as well as physical symptoms, and has unearthed clues about how the brain orchestrates it. And a handful of companies, including pharmaceutical giant Pfizer, are testing drugs for cachexia, raising hopes that a treatment may be on the horizon.

Nature | 11 minute read

Until global economies make the essential transition to low-carbon forms of energy, natural gas will be crucial, maintains Yuxin Zhao, a scientist affiliated with one of China’s state oil companies. It explores how gas resources lying beneath fragile and remote deep-sea ecosystems can be better exploited. “The answer is balance, for which access is a privilege earned with proof of responsibility,” he writes, pointing to China’s ocean governance approach as an example of how to “turn ecological constraints into requirements for development.”

Nature | 15 minutes of reading

Blaming teenagers’ underdeveloped brains when they don’t choose the “sensible” path (for example, retaliating against an insult in a school hallway) does them a disservice, argues evolutionary criminologist Evelyn Svingen. “Teenagers evaluate what they are doing. The costs that weigh most on them are social ones, and adults constantly underestimate their weight,” he writes. “Teen who hits back in the hallway follows an old program.” It offers advice on how schools and parents can “create an environment in which what is rewarding and what is meaningful points in the same direction.”

The conversation | 6 minutes of reading

Image of the week

Scientists detected this arctic bobtail squid (Rossia moelleri) cooling on the seafloor off the coast of eastern Greenland. Using a remotely operated vehicle, the team captured images of the cephalopod (about 10 centimeters in length) tending to a mass of eggs in -1.6°C waters, highlighting “the resilience of marine life in one of the most extreme environments on Earth,” says polar biologist and study co-author Paige Maroni. (Scientific American | 3 minute read)

Reference: polar biology role (Paige J. Maroni et al./Polar biology (CC BY 4.0))

Today I enjoy “the most beautiful word in the world”, chosen by an international panel of linguists, writers and cultural experts convened by the language learning platform Babbel. The Maori word kaitiakitanga “It is described as an inherited commitment (a handed down duty, not a chosen one) that binds mana atua, mana tangata and mana whenua – the authority and dignity of the spiritual realm, the human world and the earth itself,” writes journalist Brandi Morin in her newsletter. Indigenous Insider Information.

While I practice my pronunciation and plan how to include it in my next conversation, why not send us your feedback on this newsletter? Your emails are always welcome at briefing@nature.com.

Thanks for reading,

Flora Graham, Editor-in-Chief, Nature Briefing

With contributions from Jacob Smith

• Nature Briefing: Careers: ideas, advice and award-winning journalism to help you optimize your working life

• Nature Briefing: Microbiology (the most abundant living entities on our planet (microorganisms) and the role they play in health, the environment and food systems

• Nature Briefing: Anthropocene: climate change, biodiversity, sustainability and geoengineering

• Nature Briefing: AI and robotics: 100% human-written, of course

• Nature Briefing: Cancer: A weekly newsletter written with cancer researchers in mind.

• Nature Briefing: Translational Research: covers biotechnology, drug discovery and pharmaceuticals.