Delegates arriving at the UN COP31 climate conference in Antalya for 12 days of talks.Credit: Sandro Basili/Shutterstock The United Nations annual climate meeting starting today is the first to take place after confirmation that global warming will overshoot the headline limit of 1.5 °C. The aim of keeping warming within 1.5 °C above pre-industrial temperatures
This story is an update to the Antarctic ozone hole feature in our World of Change series, which documents how Earth changes over months, seasons, and years. The stratospheric ozone layer protects life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet light, which damages DNA in plants and animals (including humans) and leads to sunburns and skin cancer.
Explanation: Does the blue nebula look like the head of a witch? The nebula is known popularly as the Witch Head Nebula because, it is said, the nebula’s shape resembles a Halloween-style caricature of a witch’s head. Exactly how, though, can be a topic of imaginative speculation. What is clear is that IC 2118 is
Hill, C. H. & Brierley, I. Structural and functional insights into viral programmed ribosomal frameshifting. Annu. Rev. Virol. 10, 217–242 (2023). Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Caliskan, N., Peske, F. & Rodnina, M. V. Changed in translation: mRNA recoding by −1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting. Trends Biochem. Sci. 40, 265–274 (2015). Article CAS PubMed
Human tissue collection and multiome profiling Patients with suspected GB gave pre-operative consent at Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, with written informed consent obtained under the Declaration of Helsinki 2000 and ethical approval from the Cambridge Local Research Ethics Committee (REC 18/EE/0172). Tumours were resected under 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) guidance, sampled at multiple sites
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