728 x 90

Targeted stimulation of motor cortex ensembles drives learned movements – Nature

Targeted stimulation of motor cortex ensembles drives learned movements – Nature

Peters, A. J., Chen, S. X. & Komiyama, T. Emergence of reproducible spatiotemporal activity during motor learning. Nature 510, 263–267 (2014). Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  Guo, L. et al. Dynamic rewiring of neural circuits in the motor cortex in mouse models of Parkinson’s disease. Nat. Neurosci. 18, 1299–1309 (2015). Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed

  • Peters, A. J., Chen, S. X. & Komiyama, T. Emergence of reproducible spatiotemporal activity during motor learning. Nature 510, 263–267 (2014).

    Article 
    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Guo, L. et al. Dynamic rewiring of neural circuits in the motor cortex in mouse models of Parkinson’s disease. Nat. Neurosci. 18, 1299–1309 (2015).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawai, R. et al. Motor cortex is required for learning but not for executing a motor skill. Neuron 86, 800–812 (2015).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Guo, J.-Z. et al. Cortex commands the performance of skilled movement. eLife 4, e10774 (2015).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Hwang, E. J. et al. Disengagement of motor cortex from movement control during long-term learning. Sci. Adv. 5, eaay0001 (2019).

    Article 
    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Makino, H., Hwang, E. J., Hedrick, N. G. & Komiyama, T. Circuit mechanisms of sensorimotor learning. Neuron 92, 705–721 (2016).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters, A. J., Liu, H. & Komiyama, T. Learning in the rodent motor cortex. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 40, 77–97 (2017).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Kogan, E., Lu, J. & Zuo, Y. Cortical circuit dynamics underlying motor skill learning: from rodents to humans. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 16, 1292685 (2023).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, S. X., Kim, A. N., Peters, A. J. & Komiyama, T. Subtype-specific plasticity of inhibitory circuits in motor cortex during motor learning. Nat. Neurosci. 18, 1109–1115 (2015).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedrick, N. G. et al. Learning binds new inputs into functional synaptic clusters via spinogenesis. Nat. Neurosci. 25, 726–737 (2022).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedrick, N. G., Wright, W. J. & Komiyama, T. Local and global predictors of synapse elimination during motor learning. Sci. Adv. 10, eadk0540 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Ren, C. et al. Global and subtype-specific modulation of cortical inhibitory neurons regulated by acetylcholine during motor learning. Neuron 110, 2334–2350.e8 (2022).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Makino, H. et al. Transformation of cortex-wide emergent properties during motor learning. Neuron 94, 880–890.e8 (2017).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Hwang, E. J., Dahlen, J. E., Mukundan, M. & Komiyama, T. Disengagement of motor cortex during long-term learning tracks the performance level of learned movements. J. Neurosci. 41, 7029–7047 (2021).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshel, J. H. et al. Cortical layer–specific critical dynamics triggering perception. Science 365, eaaw5202 (2019).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Packer, A. M., Russell, L. E., Dalgleish, H. W. P. & Häusser, M. Simultaneous all-optical manipulation and recording of neural circuit activity with cellular resolution in vivo. Nat. Methods 12, 140–146 (2015).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Adesnik, H. & Abdeladim, L. Probing neural codes with two-photon holographic optogenetics. Nat. Neurosci. 24, 1356–1366 (2021).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Russell, L. E. et al. All-optical interrogation of neural circuits in behaving mice. Nat. Protoc. 17, 1579–1620 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-022-00691-w (2022).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Piantadosi Sean, C. et al. Holographic stimulation of opposing amygdala ensembles bidirectionally modulates valence-specific behavior via mutual inhibition. Neuron 112, 593–610.e5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2023.11.007 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Douglas, R. J. & Martin, K. A. C. Neuronal circuits of the neocortex. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 27, 419–451 (2004).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Douglas, R. J. & Martin, K. A. C. Recurrent neuronal circuits in the neocortex. Curr. Biol. 17, R496–R500 (2007).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, K. D. & Shepherd, G. M. G. The neocortical circuit: themes and variations. Nat. Neurosci. 18, 170–181 (2015).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Muñoz-Castañeda, R. et al. Cellular anatomy of the mouse primary motor cortex. Nature 598, 159–166 (2021).

    Article 
    ADS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Oldenburg, I. A. et al. The logic of recurrent circuits in the primary visual cortex. Nat. Neurosci. 27, 137–147 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Riehle, A. & Requin, J. The predictive value for performance speed of preparatory changes in neuronal activity of the monkey motor and premotor cortex. Behav. Brain Res. 53, 35–49 (1993).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Churchland, M. M., Afshar, A. & Shenoy, K. V. A central source of movement variability. Neuron 52, 1085–1096 (2006).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Churchland, M. M., Cunningham, J. P., Kaufman, M. T., Ryu, S. I. & Shenoy, K. V. Cortical preparatory activity: representation of movement or first cog in a dynamical machine? Neuron 68, 387–400 (2010).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Shenoy, K. V., Sahani, M. & Churchland, M. M. Cortical control of arm movements: a dynamical systems perspective. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 36, 337–359 (2013).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Afshar, A. et al. Single-trial neural correlates of arm movement preparation. Neuron 71, 555–564 (2011).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Churchland, M. M. & Shenoy, K. V. Preparatory activity and the expansive null-space. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 25, 213–236 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Vyas, S., Golub, M. D., Sussillo, D. & Shenoy, K. V. Computation through neural population dynamics. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 43, 249–275 (2020).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Sauerbrei, B. A. et al. Cortical pattern generation during dexterous movement is input-driven. Nature 577, 386–391 (2020).

    Article 
    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuste, R., MacLean, J. N., Smith, J. & Lansner, A. The cortex as a central pattern generator. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 6, 477–483 (2005).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandarinath, C. et al. Latent factors and dynamics in motor cortex and their application to brain–machine interfaces. J. Neurosci. 38, 9390–9401 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Long, M. A., Jin, D. Z. & Fee, M. S. Support for a synaptic chain model of neuronal sequence generation. Nature 468, 394–399 (2010).

    Article 
    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Moll, F. W. et al. Thalamus drives vocal onsets in the zebra finch courtship song. Nature 616, 132–136 (2023).

    Article 
    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramot, A. et al. Motor learning refines thalamic influence on motor cortex. Nature 643, 725–734 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08962-8 (2025).

    Article 
    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, Y. H. et al. Thalamocortical axonal activity in motor cortex exhibits layer-specific dynamics during motor learning. Neuron 100, 244–258.e12 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Dacre, J. et al. A cerebellar-thalamocortical pathway drives behavioral context-dependent movement initiation. Neuron 109, 2326–2338.e8 (2021).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Inagaki, H. K. et al. A midbrain-thalamus-cortex circuit reorganizes cortical dynamics to initiate movement. Cell 185, 1065–1081.e23 (2022).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, N. et al. Thalamic input to motor cortex facilitates goal-directed action initiation. Curr. Biol. 31, 4148–4155.e4 (2021).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Laje, R. & Buonomano, D. V. Robust timing and motor patterns by taming chaos in recurrent neural networks. Nat. Neurosci. 16, 925–933 (2013).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Bachschmid-Romano, L., Hatsopoulos, N. G. & Brunel, N. Interplay between external inputs and recurrent dynamics during movement preparation and execution in a network model of motor cortex. eLife 12, e77690 (2023).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Hennequin, G., Vogels, T. P. & Gerstner, W. Optimal control of transient dynamics in balanced networks supports generation of complex movements. Neuron 82, 1394–1406 (2014).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Gillett, M., Pereira, U. & Brunel, N. Characteristics of sequential activity in networks with temporally asymmetric Hebbian learning. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 117, 29948–29958 (2020).

    Article 
    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiler, N., Wood, L., Yu, J., Solla, S. A. & Shepherd, G. M. G. Top-down laminar organization of the excitatory network in motor cortex. Nat. Neurosci. 11, 360–366 (2008).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Pachitariu, M. et al. Suite2p: beyond 10,000 neurons with standard two-photon microscopy. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/061507 (2017).

  • Chen, Q. et al. Targeted stimulation of motor cortex ensembles drives learned movements. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22216381 (2026).

  • For more tech updates, stay tuned to our blog.

    Posts Carousel

    Latest Posts

    Top Authors

    Most Commented

    Featured Videos